「葡萄牙」波多(Porto)~20170505
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波多: 最早時是塞爾特(Celt)人創建的港口,現是葡萄牙北方第一大城和經濟中心,以出產缽酒及波多葡萄酒出名。斗羅河出口河岸有許多酒廠、酒窖成為觀光勝地。老城區 保留許多特色的建築:雕刻精細又裝飾華麗的
下圖左至右 Maria Pia bridge Ponte Maria Pia -> Ponte Infante Dom Henrique -> Luís I Bridge Ponte Luís I
瑪麗亞·皮亞橋Maria Pia bridge Ponte Maria Pia
亨利王子橋(Ponte Infante Dom Henrique)
路易一世大橋Luís I Bridge Ponte Luís I 乃出自巴黎艾菲爾鐵塔同一位設計師之手筆 連結了波多Porto的兩大區塊
(上圖左邊)加亞新城Villa Nova de Gaia新城區,波多酒酒莊集散地 以及 (上圖右邊) Ribeira 舊城區
拍攝路易一世大橋的夜景,最佳取景地點:爬上皮拉爾山修道院
皮拉爾山修道院(Mosteiro da Serra do Pilar),修道院裡的教堂(Igreja e Mosteiro da Serra do Pilar)居然是圓形的,這是在葡萄牙相當獨特
(以下兩張圖取自GOOGLE圖片搜尋)
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波多酒酒莊地圖 http://www.cavesvinhodoporto.com/Eng_mAprOAd.html
波特酒(Vinho do Porto)的產區並不在波多,而是在北部的多羅河谷(Vale do Douro)。波多位於多羅河的出海口、葡國的第一大港,其氣候條件又是絕佳的藏酒處,在雙重條件的加持下,酒窖林立,出口興盛。
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路易一世大橋Luís I Bridge Ponte Luís I旁,(上圖右邊橋柱)有兩根吊橋支柱(Pilares da Ponte Pênsil)的遺址。由Estanislau Bigot所設計興建,1843年二月落成,直到1887年停止使用,現在僅存多羅河北岸的(上圖左邊花崗岩支柱),過去用來支撐吊橋
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瑞貝拉廣場(Praça da Ribeira)
號稱世界三大美麗書店之一–萊羅書店(Livraria Lello)
據聞哈利波特作者 JK 羅琳女士,曾旅居波多,而這間書店正是說場景的靈感發想地。在1906年由建築師Xavier Esteves所設計的新歌德式建築
聖安東尼奧醫院Hospital Geral de Santo António
波多火車站=聖本篤火車站(Estação de São Bento)
車站的天花板寫著Douro和Minho,表示通過葡萄牙北部的兩條河流–多羅河(Rio Douro)和米紐河(Rio Minho)。多羅河通過波爾圖市區的南方,和對岸的加亞新城(Villa Nova de Gaia)遙遙相望,;米紐河則位在波爾圖北邊40多公里處,是西葡國之間的自然國界。因此,位在波爾圖的聖本篤火車站就好像作為串聯兩河流域交通的樞紐。
1916 年啟用,以兩萬幅藍色瓷磚拼湊出葡萄牙的歷史場景,創造公共藝術。
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聖尼古拉教堂Kostel sv. Mikulase 建於18世紀,混合巴洛克和古典的風格
聖方濟教堂(Igreja de São Francisco) 牆面以藍色瓷磚拼貼出壁畫的(內部不能拍照)
西元1223年,方濟會(直屬於羅馬教宗的一個修會)來到波爾圖。最初,他們遭到其他修會,特別是波爾圖主教的抵制。教宗諾森五世下令歸還捐贈給他們的土地,方濟會才得以在1244年建造修道院,和供奉方濟各的小堂。1383年,斐迪南一世贊助方濟會建立這座寬敞的教堂,到1425年完成,為樸素的哥德式建築。在15世紀和16世紀,波爾圖的望族選擇此地安葬。卡內羅家族的聖若翰洗者小堂是一個明顯的例子,建於1530年代,曼努埃爾風格。教堂的主要藝術活動在18世紀上半葉開展,內部的牆壁,柱子,屋頂和側面的小堂,表面都鍍上了金子,巴洛克風格。後殿和通廊許多許多巴洛克風格的祭台,都是葡萄牙最好的作品。
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