「2024法國」DAY9-3亞維濃(Avignon)
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隆河城門(Porte du Rhône) ↴
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西元 1309~1377 年,教廷從羅馬梵蒂岡遷移至此,前後一共有七位教宗在亞維儂教廷生活,直到額我略十一世遷都羅馬。後來更出現兩地各立教宗的情形(史稱「天主教會大分裂」)。這段時期也被後世稱為亞維儂分裂時期。亞維儂城原是喬萬娜一世的屬地,在1348年售予教廷。聖座對亞維儂的統治一直延續到1791年法國大革命之時,其後亞維儂成為法國的一部分。
Le petit train d’Avignon(亞維儂 觀光小火車)
環繞亞維儂歷史城區的觀光景點全程 40 分鐘的導覽,有8種語言導覽:英語、法語、西班牙語、義大利語、德語、日語、荷蘭語、俄羅斯語
Le petit train d’Avignon(亞維儂 觀光小火車)英文官網 https://petittrainvaison.com/informations-pratiques/
Le petit train d’Avignon 小火車官網 路線圖 https://visiteavignon.com/petit-train-open-tour-decouvrir-le-circuit/
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L’Hôtel des Monnaies 造幣廠. 教皇宮大門正對面這座巴洛克風格的建築物,是建於1619年 的鑄幣廠(Hotel des Monnaies),立面以大量的動物造型雕刻裝飾,上方兩位天使護持的盾徽則是教宗保羅五世(Paolo V)的家徽,現在是音樂學校所在地。
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教皇宮殿(Palais des Papes):羅馬教皇(Pope Clement V)避難後歷任教皇以花崗石在隆河南岸建哥德式堡壘宮殿。歷史有名的「教皇流放時期(Babylonian captivity)」教宗們所待的地方,其實在1789年法國大革命之前,亞維儂並不屬於法國,而是教皇的領土喔
官 網: http://www.palais-des-papes.com/fr
地 址: Place du Palais des Papes 84000 AVIGNON
西元1305年,因為教派系不合,教皇克雷蒙五世(Pope Clement V)出走羅馬,將天主教教廷遷移至亞維農。 ◎亞維農七任教皇名單如下:
▲Pope Clement V(1305–1314):出走羅馬來至亞維農。
▲Pope John XXII(1316–1334)
▲Pope Benedict XII(1334–1342):建造舊宮。
▲Pope Clement VI(1342–1352):擴建新宮。
▲Pope Innocent VI(1352–1362)
▲Pope Urban V(1362–1370)
▲Pope Gregory XI(1370–1378):將教廷遷回羅馬。
雙尖塔是進入教皇宮的大門稱作“香波門 Porte des Champeaux”
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12 世紀羅馬式★亞維濃大教堂=阿維尼翁主教座堂 (Cathédrale Notre-Dame des Dom)
http://www.cathedrale-avignon.fr/
亞維儂重要的天主教教堂,同時也是天主教阿維尼翁總教區的主教座堂。這座主教座堂建於12世紀,是一座羅曼式建築,其西塔樓頂部有一尊鍍金的聖母雕像,內部則收藏著14世紀的哥德式雕塑傑作,其中包括若望二十二世的陵墓。
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頂部是鍍金的聖母瑪利亞雕像↴
在陽光照耀下散發著金色光芒,據說這尊聖母像是世界上最大且最高的,因此這裡也成為朝聖者嚮往的地方。
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時鐘廣場 (Place de l’Horloge)↴
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下圖中)在教皇廣場的最北端,是小皇宮美術館 (Musee du Petit Palais),內部展出義大利的繪畫作品
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峭壁庭園(Rocher des Doms)=岩石公園↴
「岩石公園(Rocker des Doms)」是亞維儂一座小山丘上的公園,登頂約莫不到十五分鐘這裡是眺望亞維儂很棒的景點,可以俯看「聖貝內澤斷橋(Pont St. Bénézet)」。
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隆河
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對面的古城就是 Chateau De Villeneuve Les Avignon
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聖貝內澤斷橋La Pont Saint-Bénezet/St Bénezet Bridge)
聖貝內澤斷橋建於12世紀,據說是當地牧童聖貝內澤受到天使命令而興建的。中世紀橋樑 。這座橋最初橫跨隆河,連接亞維儂和左岸的亞維儂新城(Villeneuve-lès-Avignon)。它興建於1171年到1185年,原來的長度為約900米,這座橋後來歷經河水的不斷沖刷和戰爭的破壞,如今原先的22個拱門只剩下4個。於1995年,聖貝內澤斷橋被列為世界文化遺產。有趣的是,這座橋因為一首法國童謠《在亞維儂橋上》(Sur le pont d’Avignon)而在全世界廣為人知。
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橋未斷前 當時橋長有900公
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亞維儂歌劇院Opéra Grand Avignon↴
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亞維儂市政廳Hotel de Ville。
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石雕博物館Musée Lapidaire
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Espace Saint Martial 演藝劇場↴
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Cité Administrative 中央政府部門
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Le Viet-nam Avignon
地址: 6 Rue de la Bancasse, 84000 Avignon, 法國
營業時間: 11:30–14:30, 18:30–22:30 星期三 休息
電話號碼: +33 4 90 85 60 97
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